![]() ![]() Protein Derivative, and actually gives us a clue as And what these things stand for is PPD stands for Purified after a French doctor who popularized it. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. We link primary sources - including studies, scientific references, and statistics - within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. People with the vaccine may receive a false-positive TB skin test, but it does not affect the results of a TB blood test. Pregnant people and immunocompromised individuals should not take the vaccine. except for those at a higher risk, such as healthcare workers and children. ![]() Countries with high TB rates use the vaccine, but health experts do not recommend it for use in the U.S. Moreover, treatment for drug-resistant and multi-drug-resistant TB is complex and requires close consultation with a disease expert.Ī vaccine is available for TB, called the Bacille Calmett-Guérin vaccine. There are additional considerations for TB treatment in specific people, such as those with HIV, pregnant people, and children. However, four first-line medications make up the core drugs doctors use in treatment regimens: There are currently 10 drugs with FDA approval for treating TB disease. Otherwise, the disease may return or cause the bacteria to become resistant to these medications. They must take them as prescribed and finish the course of medication. People with TB disease, or active TB infection, need to take anti-TB drugs for 6–9 months. In the U.S., the CDC recommends several regimens to treat the infection, using one or a combination of the following drugs:įor latent TB infection, a doctor may recommend a short course regimen, such as 4 months of daily rifampin or 3 months of once-weekly isoniazid and rifapentine, since they are less toxic to the liver and have higher completion rates than longer courses. Treating latent TB can significantly reduce the risk of it progressing to TB disease and help control the spread of bacteria. Treatment for TB depends on whether the person has latent TB infection or TB disease. This is why it is vital to identify and treat the condition while it is still latent. Other people may become ill years later when their immune system weakens for another reason. However, some people may develop TB disease weeks after exposure to the bacteria. Many people with latent TB never develop TB disease. People with TB disease can transmit TB to others. When active, the bacteria causes people to experience symptoms such as fever, pain in the chest, and coughing up blood or sputum. ![]() TB disease occurs when the immune system is unable to stop the bacteria from growing and multiplying. Without treatment, evidence suggests that 5–10% of people with a TB infection will develop TB disease. People with latent TB are more likely to progress to active infection within the first 2 years of infection. ![]() However, in other cases, especially among those at a higher risk, the bacteria may become active later and cause TB disease. In these people, the bacteria can remain inactive for a lifetime without causing disease. With latent TB, a person’s immune system can fight the infection, preventing the TB bacteria from growing. Not everyone with a TB infection becomes sick. There are two kinds of TB-related infections: inactive or latent TB infection and active or TB disease. Typically, a doctor will not recommend a TB test for people with a low risk of infection with TB bacteria. people who did not receive the correct treatment for TB in the past.those who contracted a TB infection in the last 2 years.However, certain individuals may be at a higher risk of developing TB disease, including: Many people with a latent TB infection may not progress to TB disease. infants, children, and teens in close contact with adults who are at increased risk for latent TB infection or TB disease.those who live or work in high-risk settings, such as correctional facilities, nursing homes, and homeless shelters.Individuals from a country where TB disease is more common.people who have had contact with someone who has TB disease.Those at higher risk for infection by TB bacteria include: The CDC recommend that certain people should test for TB infection because they are at higher risk. ![]()
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